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1.
Rev Neurol ; 73(10): 351-357, 2021 Nov 16.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34755888

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 is the most common muscular dystrophy in adults. It is a genetic disorder of autosomal dominant inheritance and one of its most striking features is its multi-systemic involvement with a wide clinical phenotype. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data from 107 patients with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of the disease were retrospectively analysed from the database of a national reference division for neuromuscular diseases. Demographic and clinical data were collected over a 7-year period. RESULTS: The most frequent age of symptom onset was adulthood (66.4%). 35% showed exclusive distal weakness and a majority (63.6%) had clinical myotonia. Only 10 patients lacked neuromuscular symptoms at diagnosis and up to 9.5% were restricted to a wheelchair. The implantation of a pacemaker or cardioverter-defibrillator was conducted in 16 patients but no sudden cardiac death was detected. A venous thromboembolic disease incidence rate of 5.6 cases per 1000 patient-year was identified. More than half of the patients (54%) in the series developed respiratory failure. 13 patients died during the follow-up period, with respiratory failure being the main cause of death. CONCLUSIONS: The follow-up and clinical management of patients with DM1 should be multidisciplinary. In our series, the main cause of morbidity and mortality was respiratory disorders, whereas the incidence of cardiac disorders was lower. In addition, there is a notable frequency of complications derived from falls, which can have serious consequences. Finally, a higher than expected incidence of thromboembolic events was identified, which deserves further study in other cohorts of patients.


TITLE: Distrofia miotónica de tipo 1: una serie de 107 pacientes.Introducción. La distrofia miotónica de tipo 1 (DM1) es la distrofia muscular más frecuente en adultos, aunque puede comenzar a cualquier edad. Genéticamente determinada y de transmisión dominante, se caracteriza por la afectación constante, aunque variable, de múltiples sistemas. Pacientes y métodos. Se analizaron retrospectivamente datos de 107 pacientes con diagnóstico genético de DM1 en seguimiento en una unidad de referencia nacional en enfermedades neuromusculares raras. Se recopilaron datos demográficos y clínicos de un período de seguimiento de siete años. Resultados. El 66,4% de los pacientes comenzó en la edad adulta. El 35,5% tenía debilidad distal exclusiva y la mayoría (63,6%) presentaba miotonía clínica. Sólo 10 pacientes no tenían síntomas neuromusculares en el diagnóstico. En un 8,6%, las caídas ocasionaron complicaciones graves y hasta un 9,5% perdió la deambulación autónoma. Se implantó un dispositivo cardíaco en 16 pacientes y no se registró ninguna muerte súbita de origen cardíaco. Se identificó una tasa de incidencia de enfermedad tromboembólica venosa de 5,6 casos/1.000 pacientes-año. Un 54% de los pacientes desarrolló insuficiencia respiratoria. Durante el seguimiento fallecieron 13 pacientes y la insuficiencia respiratoria fue la principal causa de muerte (38,5%). Conclusiones. El manejo clínico y el seguimiento de los pacientes con DM1 debe ser multidisciplinar. En nuestra serie, la principal causa de morbimortalidad fueron los trastornos respiratorios, mientras que la incidencia de complicaciones cardiológicas graves fue baja. Destacan, además, las complicaciones derivadas de las caídas, que pueden tener consecuencias graves. Finalmente, se identificó una incidencia mayor de la esperada de eventos tromboembólicos, que merece ser estudiada en mayor profundidad.


Assuntos
Distrofia Miotônica/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Distrofia Miotônica/complicações , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 73(10): 351-357, Nov 16, 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-229601

RESUMO

Introducción: La distrofia miotónica de tipo 1 (DM1) es la distrofia muscular más frecuente en adultos, aunque puede comenzar a cualquier edad. Genéticamente determinada y de transmisión dominante, se caracteriza por la afectación constante, aunque variable, de múltiples sistemas. Pacientes y métodos: Se analizaron retrospectivamente datos de 107 pacientes con diagnóstico genético de DM1 en seguimiento en una unidad de referencia nacional en enfermedades neuromusculares raras. Se recopilaron datos demográficos y clínicos de un período de seguimiento de siete años. Resultados: El 66,4% de los pacientes comenzó en la edad adulta. El 35,5% tenía debilidad distal exclusiva y la mayoría (63,6%) presentaba miotonía clínica. Sólo 10 pacientes no tenían síntomas neuromusculares en el diagnóstico. En un 8,6%, las caídas ocasionaron complicaciones graves y hasta un 9,5% perdió la deambulación autónoma. Se implantó un dispositivo cardíaco en 16 pacientes y no se registró ninguna muerte súbita de origen cardíaco. Se identificó una tasa de incidencia de enfermedad tromboembólica venosa de 5,6 casos/1.000 pacientes-año. Un 54% de los pacientes desarrolló insuficiencia respiratoria. Durante el seguimiento fallecieron 13 pacientes y la insuficiencia respiratoria fue la principal causa de muerte (38,5%). Conclusiones: El manejo clínico y el seguimiento de los pacientes con DM1 debe ser multidisciplinar. En nuestra serie, la principal causa de morbimortalidad fueron los trastornos respiratorios, mientras que la incidencia de complicaciones cardiológicas graves fue baja. Destacan, además, las complicaciones derivadas de las caídas, que pueden tener consecuencias graves. Finalmente, se identificó una incidencia mayor de la esperada de eventos tromboembólicos, que merece ser estudiada en mayor profundidad.(AU)


Introduction: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 is the most common muscular dystrophy in adults. It is a genetic disorder of autosomal dominant inheritance and one of its most striking features is its multi-systemic involvement with a wide clinical phenotype. Patients and methods: Data from 107 patients with a genetically confirmed diagnosis of the disease were retrospectively analysed from the database of a national reference division for neuromuscular diseases. Demographic and clinical data were collected over a 7-year period. Results: The most frequent age of symptom onset was adulthood (66.4%). 35% showed exclusive distal weakness and a majority (63.6%) had clinical myotonia. Only 10 patients lacked neuromuscular symptoms at diagnosis and up to 9.5% were restricted to a wheelchair. The implantation of a pacemaker or cardioverter-defibrillator was conducted in 16 patients but no sudden cardiac death was detected. A venous thromboembolic disease incidence rate of 5.6 cases per 1000 patient-year was identified. More than half of the patients (54%) in the series developed respiratory failure. 13 patients died during the follow-up period, with respiratory failure being the main cause of death. Conclusions: The follow-up and clinical management of patients with DM1 should be multidisciplinary. In our series, the main cause of morbidity and mortality was respiratory disorders, whereas the incidence of cardiac disorders was lower. In addition, there is a notable frequency of complications derived from falls, which can have serious consequences. Finally, a higher than expected incidence of thromboembolic events was identified, which deserves further study in other cohorts of patients.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Distrofia Miotônica/diagnóstico , Distrofias Musculares/diagnóstico , Mortalidade , Miotonia , Insuficiência Respiratória , Neurologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso , Estudos Retrospectivos
3.
Clin Genet ; 91(3): 453-457, 2017 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27649371

RESUMO

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare devastating disease characterized by a high genetic heterogeneity with several related genes recently described, including BMPR2,TBX4 and KCNK3. The association between KCNK3 and PAH has been recently identified, but the prognosis and phenotype associated with these mutations have been poorly described. We studied a series of 136 idiopathic and hereditary PAH Spanish patients for BMPR2, TBX4 and KCNK3 mutations. We report the results of KCNK3 in which we were able to describe two new mutations (p.Gly106Arg and p.Leu214Arg) in three patients. The first one was found in a patient belonging to a consanguineous Romani family, who carried a homozygous mutation in KCNK3 and developed a severe and early form of the disease. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a homozygous mutation in KCNK3 is reported in a PAH patient. The second one was found in a patient who presented at the young adult age a severe form of the disease. The present report supports the contribution of KCNK3 mutations to the genetic etiology of PAH and strongly suggests that mutations in KCNK3 follow incomplete dominance with worsening of the clinical features in homozygous patients.


Assuntos
Hipertensão Pulmonar Primária Familiar/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Mutação , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/genética , Canais de Potássio de Domínios Poros em Tandem/genética , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Hipertensão Pulmonar Primária Familiar/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Homozigoto , Humanos , Masculino , Linhagem , Fenótipo
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